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//===-- NVPTXTargetMachine.cpp - Define TargetMachine for NVPTX -----------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Top-level implementation for the NVPTX target.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#include "NVPTXTargetMachine.h"
#include "NVPTX.h"
#include "NVPTXAllocaHoisting.h"
#include "NVPTXAtomicLower.h"
#include "NVPTXLowerAggrCopies.h"
#include "NVPTXMachineFunctionInfo.h"
#include "NVPTXTargetObjectFile.h"
#include "NVPTXTargetTransformInfo.h"
#include "TargetInfo/NVPTXTargetInfo.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ADT/Triple.h"
#include "llvm/Analysis/TargetTransformInfo.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/Passes.h"
#include "llvm/CodeGen/TargetPassConfig.h"
#include "llvm/IR/IntrinsicsNVPTX.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
#include "llvm/MC/TargetRegistry.h"
#include "llvm/Pass.h"
#include "llvm/Passes/PassBuilder.h"
#include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetOptions.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar/GVN.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Vectorize.h"
#include <cassert>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
using namespace llvm;
// LSV is still relatively new; this switch lets us turn it off in case we
// encounter (or suspect) a bug.
static cl::opt<bool>
DisableLoadStoreVectorizer("disable-nvptx-load-store-vectorizer",
cl::desc("Disable load/store vectorizer"),
cl::init(false), cl::Hidden);
// TODO: Remove this flag when we are confident with no regressions.
static cl::opt<bool> DisableRequireStructuredCFG(
"disable-nvptx-require-structured-cfg",
cl::desc("Transitional flag to turn off NVPTX's requirement on preserving "
"structured CFG. The requirement should be disabled only when "
"unexpected regressions happen."),
cl::init(false), cl::Hidden);
static cl::opt<bool> UseShortPointersOpt(
"nvptx-short-ptr",
cl::desc(
"Use 32-bit pointers for accessing const/local/shared address spaces."),
cl::init(false), cl::Hidden);
namespace llvm {
void initializeGenericToNVVMPass(PassRegistry&);
void initializeNVPTXAllocaHoistingPass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVPTXAssignValidGlobalNamesPass(PassRegistry&);
void initializeNVPTXAtomicLowerPass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVPTXLowerAggrCopiesPass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVPTXLowerAllocaPass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVPTXLowerArgsPass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVPTXProxyRegErasurePass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVVMIntrRangePass(PassRegistry &);
void initializeNVVMReflectPass(PassRegistry &);
} // end namespace llvm
extern "C" LLVM_EXTERNAL_VISIBILITY void LLVMInitializeNVPTXTarget() {
// Register the target.
RegisterTargetMachine<NVPTXTargetMachine32> X(getTheNVPTXTarget32());
RegisterTargetMachine<NVPTXTargetMachine64> Y(getTheNVPTXTarget64());
PassRegistry &PR = *PassRegistry::getPassRegistry();
// FIXME: This pass is really intended to be invoked during IR optimization,
// but it's very NVPTX-specific.
initializeNVVMReflectPass(PR);
initializeNVVMIntrRangePass(PR);
initializeGenericToNVVMPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXAllocaHoistingPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXAssignValidGlobalNamesPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXAtomicLowerPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXLowerArgsPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXLowerAllocaPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXLowerAggrCopiesPass(PR);
initializeNVPTXProxyRegErasurePass(PR);
initializeNVPTXDAGToDAGISelPass(PR);
}
static std::string computeDataLayout(bool is64Bit, bool UseShortPointers) {
std::string Ret = "e";
if (!is64Bit)
Ret += "-p:32:32";
else if (UseShortPointers)
Ret += "-p3:32:32-p4:32:32-p5:32:32";
Ret += "-i64:64-i128:128-v16:16-v32:32-n16:32:64";
return Ret;
}
NVPTXTargetMachine::NVPTXTargetMachine(const Target &T, const Triple &TT,
StringRef CPU, StringRef FS,
const TargetOptions &Options,
std::optional<Reloc::Model> RM,
std::optional<CodeModel::Model> CM,
CodeGenOpt::Level OL, bool is64bit)
// The pic relocation model is used regardless of what the client has
// specified, as it is the only relocation model currently supported.
: LLVMTargetMachine(T, computeDataLayout(is64bit, UseShortPointersOpt), TT,
CPU, FS, Options, Reloc::PIC_,
getEffectiveCodeModel(CM, CodeModel::Small), OL),
is64bit(is64bit), UseShortPointers(UseShortPointersOpt),
TLOF(std::make_unique<NVPTXTargetObjectFile>()),
Subtarget(TT, std::string(CPU), std::string(FS), *this),
StrPool(StrAlloc) {
if (TT.getOS() == Triple::NVCL)
drvInterface = NVPTX::NVCL;
else
drvInterface = NVPTX::CUDA;
if (!DisableRequireStructuredCFG)
setRequiresStructuredCFG(true);
initAsmInfo();
}
NVPTXTargetMachine::~NVPTXTargetMachine() = default;
void NVPTXTargetMachine32::anchor() {}
NVPTXTargetMachine32::NVPTXTargetMachine32(const Target &T, const Triple &TT,
StringRef CPU, StringRef FS,
const TargetOptions &Options,
std::optional<Reloc::Model> RM,
std::optional<CodeModel::Model> CM,
CodeGenOpt::Level OL, bool JIT)
: NVPTXTargetMachine(T, TT, CPU, FS, Options, RM, CM, OL, false) {}
void NVPTXTargetMachine64::anchor() {}
NVPTXTargetMachine64::NVPTXTargetMachine64(const Target &T, const Triple &TT,
StringRef CPU, StringRef FS,
const TargetOptions &Options,
std::optional<Reloc::Model> RM,
std::optional<CodeModel::Model> CM,
CodeGenOpt::Level OL, bool JIT)
: NVPTXTargetMachine(T, TT, CPU, FS, Options, RM, CM, OL, true) {}
namespace {
class NVPTXPassConfig : public TargetPassConfig {
public:
NVPTXPassConfig(NVPTXTargetMachine &TM, PassManagerBase &PM)
: TargetPassConfig(TM, PM) {}
NVPTXTargetMachine &getNVPTXTargetMachine() const {
return getTM<NVPTXTargetMachine>();
}
void addIRPasses() override;
bool addInstSelector() override;
void addPreRegAlloc() override;
void addPostRegAlloc() override;
void addMachineSSAOptimization() override;
FunctionPass *createTargetRegisterAllocator(bool) override;
void addFastRegAlloc() override;
void addOptimizedRegAlloc() override;
bool addRegAssignAndRewriteFast() override {
llvm_unreachable("should not be used");
}
bool addRegAssignAndRewriteOptimized() override {
llvm_unreachable("should not be used");
}
private:
// If the opt level is aggressive, add GVN; otherwise, add EarlyCSE. This
// function is only called in opt mode.
void addEarlyCSEOrGVNPass();
// Add passes that propagate special memory spaces.
void addAddressSpaceInferencePasses();
// Add passes that perform straight-line scalar optimizations.
void addStraightLineScalarOptimizationPasses();
};
} // end anonymous namespace
TargetPassConfig *NVPTXTargetMachine::createPassConfig(PassManagerBase &PM) {
return new NVPTXPassConfig(*this, PM);
}
MachineFunctionInfo *NVPTXTargetMachine::createMachineFunctionInfo(
BumpPtrAllocator &Allocator, const Function &F,
const TargetSubtargetInfo *STI) const {
return NVPTXMachineFunctionInfo::create<NVPTXMachineFunctionInfo>(Allocator,
F, STI);
}
void NVPTXTargetMachine::registerPassBuilderCallbacks(PassBuilder &PB) {
PB.registerPipelineParsingCallback(
[](StringRef PassName, FunctionPassManager &PM,
ArrayRef<PassBuilder::PipelineElement>) {
if (PassName == "nvvm-reflect") {
PM.addPass(NVVMReflectPass());
return true;
}
if (PassName == "nvvm-intr-range") {
PM.addPass(NVVMIntrRangePass());
return true;
}
return false;
});
PB.registerPipelineStartEPCallback(
[this](ModulePassManager &PM, OptimizationLevel Level) {
FunctionPassManager FPM;
FPM.addPass(NVVMReflectPass(Subtarget.getSmVersion()));
// FIXME: NVVMIntrRangePass is causing numerical discrepancies,
// investigate and re-enable.
// FPM.addPass(NVVMIntrRangePass(Subtarget.getSmVersion()));
PM.addPass(createModuleToFunctionPassAdaptor(std::move(FPM)));
});
}
TargetTransformInfo
NVPTXTargetMachine::getTargetTransformInfo(const Function &F) const {
return TargetTransformInfo(NVPTXTTIImpl(this, F));
}
std::pair<const Value *, unsigned>
NVPTXTargetMachine::getPredicatedAddrSpace(const Value *V) const {
if (auto *II = dyn_cast<IntrinsicInst>(V)) {
switch (II->getIntrinsicID()) {
case Intrinsic::nvvm_isspacep_const:
return std::make_pair(II->getArgOperand(0), llvm::ADDRESS_SPACE_CONST);
case Intrinsic::nvvm_isspacep_global:
return std::make_pair(II->getArgOperand(0), llvm::ADDRESS_SPACE_GLOBAL);
case Intrinsic::nvvm_isspacep_local:
return std::make_pair(II->getArgOperand(0), llvm::ADDRESS_SPACE_LOCAL);
case Intrinsic::nvvm_isspacep_shared:
return std::make_pair(II->getArgOperand(0), llvm::ADDRESS_SPACE_SHARED);
default:
break;
}
}
return std::make_pair(nullptr, -1);
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addEarlyCSEOrGVNPass() {
if (getOptLevel() == CodeGenOpt::Aggressive)
addPass(createGVNPass());
else
addPass(createEarlyCSEPass());
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addAddressSpaceInferencePasses() {
// NVPTXLowerArgs emits alloca for byval parameters which can often
// be eliminated by SROA.
addPass(createSROAPass());
addPass(createNVPTXLowerAllocaPass());
addPass(createInferAddressSpacesPass());
addPass(createNVPTXAtomicLowerPass());
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addStraightLineScalarOptimizationPasses() {
addPass(createSeparateConstOffsetFromGEPPass());
addPass(createSpeculativeExecutionPass());
// ReassociateGEPs exposes more opportunites for SLSR. See
// the example in reassociate-geps-and-slsr.ll.
addPass(createStraightLineStrengthReducePass());
// SeparateConstOffsetFromGEP and SLSR creates common expressions which GVN or
// EarlyCSE can reuse. GVN generates significantly better code than EarlyCSE
// for some of our benchmarks.
addEarlyCSEOrGVNPass();
// Run NaryReassociate after EarlyCSE/GVN to be more effective.
addPass(createNaryReassociatePass());
// NaryReassociate on GEPs creates redundant common expressions, so run
// EarlyCSE after it.
addPass(createEarlyCSEPass());
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addIRPasses() {
// The following passes are known to not play well with virtual regs hanging
// around after register allocation (which in our case, is *all* registers).
// We explicitly disable them here. We do, however, need some functionality
// of the PrologEpilogCodeInserter pass, so we emulate that behavior in the
// NVPTXPrologEpilog pass (see NVPTXPrologEpilogPass.cpp).
disablePass(&PrologEpilogCodeInserterID);
disablePass(&MachineLateInstrsCleanupID);
disablePass(&MachineCopyPropagationID);
disablePass(&TailDuplicateID);
disablePass(&StackMapLivenessID);
disablePass(&LiveDebugValuesID);
disablePass(&PostRAMachineSinkingID);
disablePass(&PostRASchedulerID);
disablePass(&FuncletLayoutID);
disablePass(&PatchableFunctionID);
disablePass(&ShrinkWrapID);
// NVVMReflectPass is added in addEarlyAsPossiblePasses, so hopefully running
// it here does nothing. But since we need it for correctness when lowering
// to NVPTX, run it here too, in case whoever built our pass pipeline didn't
// call addEarlyAsPossiblePasses.
const NVPTXSubtarget &ST = *getTM<NVPTXTargetMachine>().getSubtargetImpl();
addPass(createNVVMReflectPass(ST.getSmVersion()));
if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None)
addPass(createNVPTXImageOptimizerPass());
addPass(createNVPTXAssignValidGlobalNamesPass());
addPass(createGenericToNVVMPass());
// NVPTXLowerArgs is required for correctness and should be run right
// before the address space inference passes.
addPass(createNVPTXLowerArgsPass(&getNVPTXTargetMachine()));
if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None) {
addAddressSpaceInferencePasses();
addStraightLineScalarOptimizationPasses();
}
addPass(createAtomicExpandPass());
// === LSR and other generic IR passes ===
TargetPassConfig::addIRPasses();
// EarlyCSE is not always strong enough to clean up what LSR produces. For
// example, GVN can combine
//
// %0 = add %a, %b
// %1 = add %b, %a
//
// and
//
// %0 = shl nsw %a, 2
// %1 = shl %a, 2
//
// but EarlyCSE can do neither of them.
if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None) {
addEarlyCSEOrGVNPass();
if (!DisableLoadStoreVectorizer)
addPass(createLoadStoreVectorizerPass());
addPass(createSROAPass());
}
}
bool NVPTXPassConfig::addInstSelector() {
const NVPTXSubtarget &ST = *getTM<NVPTXTargetMachine>().getSubtargetImpl();
addPass(createLowerAggrCopies());
addPass(createAllocaHoisting());
addPass(createNVPTXISelDag(getNVPTXTargetMachine(), getOptLevel()));
if (!ST.hasImageHandles())
addPass(createNVPTXReplaceImageHandlesPass());
return false;
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addPreRegAlloc() {
// Remove Proxy Register pseudo instructions used to keep `callseq_end` alive.
addPass(createNVPTXProxyRegErasurePass());
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addPostRegAlloc() {
addPass(createNVPTXPrologEpilogPass());
if (getOptLevel() != CodeGenOpt::None) {
// NVPTXPrologEpilogPass calculates frame object offset and replace frame
// index with VRFrame register. NVPTXPeephole need to be run after that and
// will replace VRFrame with VRFrameLocal when possible.
addPass(createNVPTXPeephole());
}
}
FunctionPass *NVPTXPassConfig::createTargetRegisterAllocator(bool) {
return nullptr; // No reg alloc
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addFastRegAlloc() {
addPass(&PHIEliminationID);
addPass(&TwoAddressInstructionPassID);
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addOptimizedRegAlloc() {
addPass(&ProcessImplicitDefsID);
addPass(&LiveVariablesID);
addPass(&MachineLoopInfoID);
addPass(&PHIEliminationID);
addPass(&TwoAddressInstructionPassID);
addPass(&RegisterCoalescerID);
// PreRA instruction scheduling.
if (addPass(&MachineSchedulerID))
printAndVerify("After Machine Scheduling");
addPass(&StackSlotColoringID);
// FIXME: Needs physical registers
//addPass(&MachineLICMID);
printAndVerify("After StackSlotColoring");
}
void NVPTXPassConfig::addMachineSSAOptimization() {
// Pre-ra tail duplication.
if (addPass(&EarlyTailDuplicateID))
printAndVerify("After Pre-RegAlloc TailDuplicate");
// Optimize PHIs before DCE: removing dead PHI cycles may make more
// instructions dead.
addPass(&OptimizePHIsID);
// This pass merges large allocas. StackSlotColoring is a different pass
// which merges spill slots.
addPass(&StackColoringID);
// If the target requests it, assign local variables to stack slots relative
// to one another and simplify frame index references where possible.
addPass(&LocalStackSlotAllocationID);
// With optimization, dead code should already be eliminated. However
// there is one known exception: lowered code for arguments that are only
// used by tail calls, where the tail calls reuse the incoming stack
// arguments directly (see t11 in test/CodeGen/X86/sibcall.ll).
addPass(&DeadMachineInstructionElimID);
printAndVerify("After codegen DCE pass");
// Allow targets to insert passes that improve instruction level parallelism,
// like if-conversion. Such passes will typically need dominator trees and
// loop info, just like LICM and CSE below.
if (addILPOpts())
printAndVerify("After ILP optimizations");
addPass(&EarlyMachineLICMID);
addPass(&MachineCSEID);
addPass(&MachineSinkingID);
printAndVerify("After Machine LICM, CSE and Sinking passes");
addPass(&PeepholeOptimizerID);
printAndVerify("After codegen peephole optimization pass");
}