| ================================== | |
| Benchmarking tips | |
| ================================== | |
| Introduction | |
| ============ | |
| For benchmarking a patch we want to reduce all possible sources of | |
| noise as much as possible. How to do that is very OS dependent. | |
| Note that low noise is required, but not sufficient. It does not | |
| exclude measurement bias. See | |
| https://www.cis.upenn.edu/~cis501/papers/producing-wrong-data.pdf for | |
| example. | |
| General | |
| ================================ | |
| * Use a high resolution timer, e.g. perf under linux. | |
| * Run the benchmark multiple times to be able to recognize noise. | |
| * Disable as many processes or services as possible on the target system. | |
| * Disable frequency scaling, turbo boost and address space | |
| randomization (see OS specific section). | |
| * Static link if the OS supports it. That avoids any variation that | |
| might be introduced by loading dynamic libraries. This can be done | |
| by passing ``-DLLVM_BUILD_STATIC=ON`` to cmake. | |
| * Try to avoid storage. On some systems you can use tmpfs. Putting the | |
| program, inputs and outputs on tmpfs avoids touching a real storage | |
| system, which can have a pretty big variability. | |
| To mount it (on linux and freebsd at least):: | |
| mount -t tmpfs -o size=<XX>g none dir_to_mount | |
| Linux | |
| ===== | |
| * Disable address space randomization:: | |
| echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space | |
| * Set scaling_governor to performance:: | |
| for i in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor | |
| do | |
| echo performance > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor | |
| done | |
| * Use https://github.com/lpechacek/cpuset to reserve cpus for just the | |
| program you are benchmarking. If using perf, leave at least 2 cores | |
| so that perf runs in one and your program in another:: | |
| cset shield -c N1,N2 -k on | |
| This will move all threads out of N1 and N2. The ``-k on`` means | |
| that even kernel threads are moved out. | |
| * Disable the SMT pair of the cpus you will use for the benchmark. The | |
| pair of cpu N can be found in | |
| ``/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuN/topology/thread_siblings_list`` and | |
| disabled with:: | |
| echo 0 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpuX/online | |
| * Run the program with:: | |
| cset shield --exec -- perf stat -r 10 <cmd> | |
| This will run the command after ``--`` in the isolated cpus. The | |
| particular perf command runs the ``<cmd>`` 10 times and reports | |
| statistics. | |
| With these in place you can expect perf variations of less than 0.1%. | |
| Linux Intel | |
| ----------- | |
| * Disable turbo mode:: | |
| echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo |