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//===- subzero/src/IceTargetLowering.h - Lowering interface -----*- C++ -*-===//
//
// The Subzero Code Generator
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
///
/// \file
/// \brief Declares the TargetLowering, LoweringContext, and TargetDataLowering
/// classes.
///
/// TargetLowering is an abstract class used to drive the translation/lowering
/// process. LoweringContext maintains a context for lowering each instruction,
/// offering conveniences such as iterating over non-deleted instructions.
/// TargetDataLowering is an abstract class used to drive the lowering/emission
/// of global initializers, external global declarations, and internal constant
/// pools.
///
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#ifndef SUBZERO_SRC_ICETARGETLOWERING_H
#define SUBZERO_SRC_ICETARGETLOWERING_H
#include "IceBitVector.h"
#include "IceCfgNode.h"
#include "IceDefs.h"
#include "IceInst.h" // for the names of the Inst subtypes
#include "IceOperand.h"
#include "IceRegAlloc.h"
#include "IceTypes.h"
#include <utility>
namespace Ice {
// UnimplementedError is defined as a macro so that we can get actual line
// numbers.
#define UnimplementedError(Flags) \
do { \
if (!static_cast<const ClFlags &>(Flags).getSkipUnimplemented()) { \
/* Use llvm_unreachable instead of report_fatal_error, which gives \
better stack traces. */ \
llvm_unreachable("Not yet implemented"); \
abort(); \
} \
} while (0)
// UnimplementedLoweringError is similar in style to UnimplementedError. Given
// a TargetLowering object pointer and an Inst pointer, it adds appropriate
// FakeDef and FakeUse instructions to try maintain liveness consistency.
#define UnimplementedLoweringError(Target, Instr) \
do { \
if (getFlags().getSkipUnimplemented()) { \
(Target)->addFakeDefUses(Instr); \
} else { \
/* Use llvm_unreachable instead of report_fatal_error, which gives \
better stack traces. */ \
llvm_unreachable( \
(std::string("Not yet implemented: ") + Instr->getInstName()) \
.c_str()); \
abort(); \
} \
} while (0)
/// LoweringContext makes it easy to iterate through non-deleted instructions in
/// a node, and insert new (lowered) instructions at the current point. Along
/// with the instruction list container and associated iterators, it holds the
/// current node, which is needed when inserting new instructions in order to
/// track whether variables are used as single-block or multi-block.
class LoweringContext {
LoweringContext(const LoweringContext &) = delete;
LoweringContext &operator=(const LoweringContext &) = delete;
public:
LoweringContext() = default;
~LoweringContext() = default;
void init(CfgNode *Node);
Inst *getNextInst() const {
if (Next == End)
return nullptr;
return iteratorToInst(Next);
}
Inst *getNextInst(InstList::iterator &Iter) const {
advanceForward(Iter);
if (Iter == End)
return nullptr;
return iteratorToInst(Iter);
}
CfgNode *getNode() const { return Node; }
bool atEnd() const { return Cur == End; }
InstList::iterator getCur() const { return Cur; }
InstList::iterator getNext() const { return Next; }
InstList::iterator getEnd() const { return End; }
void insert(Inst *Instr);
template <typename Inst, typename... Args> Inst *insert(Args &&...A) {
auto *New = Inst::create(Node->getCfg(), std::forward<Args>(A)...);
insert(New);
return New;
}
Inst *getLastInserted() const;
void advanceCur() { Cur = Next; }
void advanceNext() { advanceForward(Next); }
void setCur(InstList::iterator C) { Cur = C; }
void setNext(InstList::iterator N) { Next = N; }
void rewind();
void setInsertPoint(const InstList::iterator &Position) { Next = Position; }
void availabilityReset();
void availabilityUpdate();
Variable *availabilityGet(Operand *Src) const;
private:
/// Node is the argument to Inst::updateVars().
CfgNode *Node = nullptr;
Inst *LastInserted = nullptr;
/// Cur points to the current instruction being considered. It is guaranteed
/// to point to a non-deleted instruction, or to be End.
InstList::iterator Cur;
/// Next doubles as a pointer to the next valid instruction (if any), and the
/// new-instruction insertion point. It is also updated for the caller in case
/// the lowering consumes more than one high-level instruction. It is
/// guaranteed to point to a non-deleted instruction after Cur, or to be End.
// TODO: Consider separating the notion of "next valid instruction" and "new
// instruction insertion point", to avoid confusion when previously-deleted
// instructions come between the two points.
InstList::iterator Next;
/// Begin is a copy of Insts.begin(), used if iterators are moved backward.
InstList::iterator Begin;
/// End is a copy of Insts.end(), used if Next needs to be advanced.
InstList::iterator End;
/// LastDest and LastSrc capture the parameters of the last "Dest=Src" simple
/// assignment inserted (provided Src is a variable). This is used for simple
/// availability analysis.
Variable *LastDest = nullptr;
Variable *LastSrc = nullptr;
void skipDeleted(InstList::iterator &I) const;
void advanceForward(InstList::iterator &I) const;
};
/// A helper class to advance the LoweringContext at each loop iteration.
class PostIncrLoweringContext {
PostIncrLoweringContext() = delete;
PostIncrLoweringContext(const PostIncrLoweringContext &) = delete;
PostIncrLoweringContext &operator=(const PostIncrLoweringContext &) = delete;
public:
explicit PostIncrLoweringContext(LoweringContext &Context)
: Context(Context) {}
~PostIncrLoweringContext() {
Context.advanceCur();
Context.advanceNext();
}
private:
LoweringContext &Context;
};
/// TargetLowering is the base class for all backends in Subzero. In addition to
/// implementing the abstract methods in this class, each concrete target must
/// also implement a named constructor in its own namespace. For instance, for
/// X8632 we have:
///
/// namespace X8632 {
/// void createTargetLowering(Cfg *Func);
/// }
class TargetLowering {
TargetLowering() = delete;
TargetLowering(const TargetLowering &) = delete;
TargetLowering &operator=(const TargetLowering &) = delete;
public:
static void staticInit(GlobalContext *Ctx);
// Each target must define a public static method:
// static void staticInit(GlobalContext *Ctx);
static bool shouldBePooled(const class Constant *C);
static Type getPointerType();
static std::unique_ptr<TargetLowering> createLowering(TargetArch Target,
Cfg *Func);
virtual std::unique_ptr<Assembler> createAssembler() const = 0;
void translate() {
switch (Func->getOptLevel()) {
case Opt_m1:
translateOm1();
break;
case Opt_0:
translateO0();
break;
case Opt_1:
translateO1();
break;
case Opt_2:
translateO2();
break;
}
}
virtual void translateOm1() {
Func->setError("Target doesn't specify Om1 lowering steps.");
}
virtual void translateO0() {
Func->setError("Target doesn't specify O0 lowering steps.");
}
virtual void translateO1() {
Func->setError("Target doesn't specify O1 lowering steps.");
}
virtual void translateO2() {
Func->setError("Target doesn't specify O2 lowering steps.");
}
/// Generates calls to intrinsics for operations the Target can't handle.
void genTargetHelperCalls();
/// Tries to do address mode optimization on a single instruction.
void doAddressOpt();
/// Lowers a single non-Phi instruction.
void lower();
/// Inserts and lowers a single high-level instruction at a specific insertion
/// point.
void lowerInst(CfgNode *Node, InstList::iterator Next, InstHighLevel *Instr);
/// Does preliminary lowering of the set of Phi instructions in the current
/// node. The main intention is to do what's needed to keep the unlowered Phi
/// instructions consistent with the lowered non-Phi instructions, e.g. to
/// lower 64-bit operands on a 32-bit target.
virtual void prelowerPhis() {}
/// Tries to do branch optimization on a single instruction. Returns true if
/// some optimization was done.
virtual bool doBranchOpt(Inst * /*I*/, const CfgNode * /*NextNode*/) {
return false;
}
virtual SizeT getNumRegisters() const = 0;
/// Returns a variable pre-colored to the specified physical register. This is
/// generally used to get very direct access to the register such as in the
/// prolog or epilog or for marking scratch registers as killed by a call. If
/// a Type is not provided, a target-specific default type is used.
virtual Variable *getPhysicalRegister(RegNumT RegNum,
Type Ty = IceType_void) = 0;
/// Returns a printable name for the register.
virtual const char *getRegName(RegNumT RegNum, Type Ty) const = 0;
virtual bool hasFramePointer() const { return false; }
virtual void setHasFramePointer() = 0;
virtual RegNumT getStackReg() const = 0;
virtual RegNumT getFrameReg() const = 0;
virtual RegNumT getFrameOrStackReg() const = 0;
virtual size_t typeWidthInBytesOnStack(Type Ty) const = 0;
virtual uint32_t getStackAlignment() const = 0;
virtual bool needsStackPointerAlignment() const { return false; }
virtual void reserveFixedAllocaArea(size_t Size, size_t Align) = 0;
virtual int32_t getFrameFixedAllocaOffset() const = 0;
virtual uint32_t maxOutArgsSizeBytes() const { return 0; }
// Addressing relative to frame pointer differs in MIPS compared to X86/ARM
// since MIPS decrements its stack pointer prior to saving it in the frame
// pointer register.
virtual uint32_t getFramePointerOffset(uint32_t CurrentOffset,
uint32_t Size) const {
return -(CurrentOffset + Size);
}
/// Return whether a 64-bit Variable should be split into a Variable64On32.
virtual bool shouldSplitToVariable64On32(Type Ty) const = 0;
/// Return whether a Vector Variable should be split into a VariableVecOn32.
virtual bool shouldSplitToVariableVecOn32(Type Ty) const {
(void)Ty;
return false;
}
bool hasComputedFrame() const { return HasComputedFrame; }
/// Returns true if this function calls a function that has the "returns
/// twice" attribute.
bool callsReturnsTwice() const { return CallsReturnsTwice; }
void setCallsReturnsTwice(bool RetTwice) { CallsReturnsTwice = RetTwice; }
SizeT makeNextLabelNumber() { return NextLabelNumber++; }
SizeT makeNextJumpTableNumber() { return NextJumpTableNumber++; }
LoweringContext &getContext() { return Context; }
Cfg *getFunc() const { return Func; }
GlobalContext *getGlobalContext() const { return Ctx; }
enum RegSet {
RegSet_None = 0,
RegSet_CallerSave = 1 << 0,
RegSet_CalleeSave = 1 << 1,
RegSet_StackPointer = 1 << 2,
RegSet_FramePointer = 1 << 3,
RegSet_All = ~RegSet_None
};
using RegSetMask = uint32_t;
virtual SmallBitVector getRegisterSet(RegSetMask Include,
RegSetMask Exclude) const = 0;
/// Get the set of physical registers available for the specified Variable's
/// register class, applying register restrictions from the command line.
virtual const SmallBitVector &
getRegistersForVariable(const Variable *Var) const = 0;
/// Get the set of *all* physical registers available for the specified
/// Variable's register class, *not* applying register restrictions from the
/// command line.
virtual const SmallBitVector &
getAllRegistersForVariable(const Variable *Var) const = 0;
virtual const SmallBitVector &getAliasesForRegister(RegNumT) const = 0;
void regAlloc(RegAllocKind Kind);
void postRegallocSplitting(const SmallBitVector &RegMask);
/// Get the minimum number of clusters required for a jump table to be
/// considered.
virtual SizeT getMinJumpTableSize() const = 0;
virtual void emitJumpTable(const Cfg *Func,
const InstJumpTable *JumpTable) const = 0;
virtual void emitVariable(const Variable *Var) const = 0;
void emitWithoutPrefix(const ConstantRelocatable *CR,
const char *Suffix = "") const;
virtual void emit(const ConstantInteger32 *C) const = 0;
virtual void emit(const ConstantInteger64 *C) const = 0;
virtual void emit(const ConstantFloat *C) const = 0;
virtual void emit(const ConstantDouble *C) const = 0;
virtual void emit(const ConstantUndef *C) const = 0;
virtual void emit(const ConstantRelocatable *CR) const = 0;
/// Performs target-specific argument lowering.
virtual void lowerArguments() = 0;
virtual void initNodeForLowering(CfgNode *) {}
virtual void addProlog(CfgNode *Node) = 0;
virtual void addEpilog(CfgNode *Node) = 0;
/// Create a properly-typed "mov" instruction. This is primarily for local
/// variable splitting.
virtual Inst *createLoweredMove(Variable *Dest, Variable *SrcVar) {
// TODO(stichnot): make pure virtual by implementing for all targets
(void)Dest;
(void)SrcVar;
llvm::report_fatal_error("createLoweredMove() unimplemented");
return nullptr;
}
virtual ~TargetLowering() = default;
private:
/// This indicates whether we are in the genTargetHelperCalls phase, and
/// therefore can do things like scalarization.
bool GeneratingTargetHelpers = false;
protected:
explicit TargetLowering(Cfg *Func);
// Applies command line filters to TypeToRegisterSet array.
static void filterTypeToRegisterSet(
GlobalContext *Ctx, int32_t NumRegs, SmallBitVector TypeToRegisterSet[],
size_t TypeToRegisterSetSize,
std::function<std::string(RegNumT)> getRegName,
std::function<const char *(RegClass)> getRegClassName);
virtual void lowerAlloca(const InstAlloca *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerArithmetic(const InstArithmetic *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerAssign(const InstAssign *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerBr(const InstBr *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerBreakpoint(const InstBreakpoint *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerCall(const InstCall *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerCast(const InstCast *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerFcmp(const InstFcmp *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerExtractElement(const InstExtractElement *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerIcmp(const InstIcmp *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerInsertElement(const InstInsertElement *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerIntrinsic(const InstIntrinsic *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerLoad(const InstLoad *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerPhi(const InstPhi *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerRet(const InstRet *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerSelect(const InstSelect *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerShuffleVector(const InstShuffleVector *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerStore(const InstStore *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerSwitch(const InstSwitch *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerUnreachable(const InstUnreachable *Instr) = 0;
virtual void lowerOther(const Inst *Instr);
virtual void genTargetHelperCallFor(Inst *Instr) = 0;
virtual uint32_t getCallStackArgumentsSizeBytes(const InstCall *Instr) = 0;
/// Opportunity to modify other instructions to help Address Optimization
virtual void doAddressOptOther() {}
virtual void doAddressOptLoad() {}
virtual void doAddressOptStore() {}
virtual void doAddressOptLoadSubVector() {}
virtual void doAddressOptStoreSubVector() {}
virtual void doMockBoundsCheck(Operand *) {}
/// This gives the target an opportunity to post-process the lowered expansion
/// before returning.
virtual void postLower() {}
/// When the SkipUnimplemented flag is set, addFakeDefUses() gets invoked by
/// the UnimplementedLoweringError macro to insert fake uses of all the
/// instruction variables and a fake def of the instruction dest, in order to
/// preserve integrity of liveness analysis.
void addFakeDefUses(const Inst *Instr);
/// Find (non-SSA) instructions where the Dest variable appears in some source
/// operand, and set the IsDestRedefined flag. This keeps liveness analysis
/// consistent.
void markRedefinitions();
/// Make a pass over the Cfg to determine which variables need stack slots and
/// place them in a sorted list (SortedSpilledVariables). Among those, vars,
/// classify the spill variables as local to the basic block vs global
/// (multi-block) in order to compute the parameters GlobalsSize and
/// SpillAreaSizeBytes (represents locals or general vars if the coalescing of
/// locals is disallowed) along with alignments required for variables in each
/// area. We rely on accurate VMetadata in order to classify a variable as
/// global vs local (otherwise the variable is conservatively global). The
/// in-args should be initialized to 0.
///
/// This is only a pre-pass and the actual stack slot assignment is handled
/// separately.
///
/// There may be target-specific Variable types, which will be handled by
/// TargetVarHook. If the TargetVarHook returns true, then the variable is
/// skipped and not considered with the rest of the spilled variables.
void getVarStackSlotParams(VarList &SortedSpilledVariables,
SmallBitVector &RegsUsed, size_t *GlobalsSize,
size_t *SpillAreaSizeBytes,
uint32_t *SpillAreaAlignmentBytes,
uint32_t *LocalsSlotsAlignmentBytes,
std::function<bool(Variable *)> TargetVarHook);
/// Calculate the amount of padding needed to align the local and global areas
/// to the required alignment. This assumes the globals/locals layout used by
/// getVarStackSlotParams and assignVarStackSlots.
void alignStackSpillAreas(uint32_t SpillAreaStartOffset,
uint32_t SpillAreaAlignmentBytes,
size_t GlobalsSize,
uint32_t LocalsSlotsAlignmentBytes,
uint32_t *SpillAreaPaddingBytes,
uint32_t *LocalsSlotsPaddingBytes);
/// Make a pass through the SortedSpilledVariables and actually assign stack
/// slots. SpillAreaPaddingBytes takes into account stack alignment padding.
/// The SpillArea starts after that amount of padding. This matches the scheme
/// in getVarStackSlotParams, where there may be a separate multi-block global
/// var spill area and a local var spill area.
void assignVarStackSlots(VarList &SortedSpilledVariables,
size_t SpillAreaPaddingBytes,
size_t SpillAreaSizeBytes,
size_t GlobalsAndSubsequentPaddingSize,
bool UsesFramePointer);
/// Sort the variables in Source based on required alignment. The variables
/// with the largest alignment need are placed in the front of the Dest list.
void sortVarsByAlignment(VarList &Dest, const VarList &Source) const;
InstCall *makeHelperCall(RuntimeHelper FuncID, Variable *Dest, SizeT MaxSrcs);
void _set_dest_redefined() { Context.getLastInserted()->setDestRedefined(); }
bool shouldOptimizeMemIntrins();
void scalarizeArithmetic(InstArithmetic::OpKind K, Variable *Dest,
Operand *Src0, Operand *Src1);
/// Generalizes scalarizeArithmetic to support other instruction types.
///
/// insertScalarInstruction is a function-like object with signature
/// (Variable *Dest, Variable *Src0, Variable *Src1) -> Instr *.
template <typename... Operands,
typename F = std::function<Inst *(Variable *, Operands *...)>>
void scalarizeInstruction(Variable *Dest, F insertScalarInstruction,
Operands *...Srcs) {
assert(GeneratingTargetHelpers &&
"scalarizeInstruction called during incorrect phase");
const Type DestTy = Dest->getType();
assert(isVectorType(DestTy));
const Type DestElementTy = typeElementType(DestTy);
const SizeT NumElements = typeNumElements(DestTy);
Variable *T = Func->makeVariable(DestTy);
if (auto *VarVecOn32 = llvm::dyn_cast<VariableVecOn32>(T)) {
VarVecOn32->initVecElement(Func);
auto *Undef = ConstantUndef::create(Ctx, DestTy);
Context.insert<InstAssign>(T, Undef);
} else {
Context.insert<InstFakeDef>(T);
}
for (SizeT I = 0; I < NumElements; ++I) {
auto *Index = Ctx->getConstantInt32(I);
auto makeExtractThunk = [this, Index, NumElements](Operand *Src) {
return [this, Index, NumElements, Src]() {
(void)NumElements;
assert(typeNumElements(Src->getType()) == NumElements);
const auto ElementTy = typeElementType(Src->getType());
auto *Op = Func->makeVariable(ElementTy);
Context.insert<InstExtractElement>(Op, Src, Index);
return Op;
};
};
// Perform the operation as a scalar operation.
auto *Res = Func->makeVariable(DestElementTy);
auto *Arith = applyToThunkedArgs(insertScalarInstruction, Res,
makeExtractThunk(Srcs)...);
genTargetHelperCallFor(Arith);
Variable *DestT = Func->makeVariable(DestTy);
Context.insert<InstInsertElement>(DestT, T, Res, Index);
T = DestT;
}
Context.insert<InstAssign>(Dest, T);
}
// applyToThunkedArgs is used by scalarizeInstruction. Ideally, we would just
// call insertScalarInstruction(Res, Srcs...), but C++ does not specify
// evaluation order which means this leads to an unpredictable final
// output. Instead, we wrap each of the Srcs in a thunk and these
// applyToThunkedArgs functions apply the thunks in a well defined order so we
// still get well-defined output.
Inst *applyToThunkedArgs(
std::function<Inst *(Variable *, Variable *)> insertScalarInstruction,
Variable *Res, std::function<Variable *()> thunk0) {
auto *Src0 = thunk0();
return insertScalarInstruction(Res, Src0);
}
Inst *
applyToThunkedArgs(std::function<Inst *(Variable *, Variable *, Variable *)>
insertScalarInstruction,
Variable *Res, std::function<Variable *()> thunk0,
std::function<Variable *()> thunk1) {
auto *Src0 = thunk0();
auto *Src1 = thunk1();
return insertScalarInstruction(Res, Src0, Src1);
}
Inst *applyToThunkedArgs(
std::function<Inst *(Variable *, Variable *, Variable *, Variable *)>
insertScalarInstruction,
Variable *Res, std::function<Variable *()> thunk0,
std::function<Variable *()> thunk1, std::function<Variable *()> thunk2) {
auto *Src0 = thunk0();
auto *Src1 = thunk1();
auto *Src2 = thunk2();
return insertScalarInstruction(Res, Src0, Src1, Src2);
}
Cfg *Func;
GlobalContext *Ctx;
bool HasComputedFrame = false;
bool CallsReturnsTwice = false;
SizeT NextLabelNumber = 0;
SizeT NextJumpTableNumber = 0;
LoweringContext Context;
};
/// TargetDataLowering is used for "lowering" data including initializers for
/// global variables, and the internal constant pools. It is separated out from
/// TargetLowering because it does not require a Cfg.
class TargetDataLowering {
TargetDataLowering() = delete;
TargetDataLowering(const TargetDataLowering &) = delete;
TargetDataLowering &operator=(const TargetDataLowering &) = delete;
public:
static std::unique_ptr<TargetDataLowering> createLowering(GlobalContext *Ctx);
virtual ~TargetDataLowering();
virtual void lowerGlobals(const VariableDeclarationList &Vars,
const std::string &SectionSuffix) = 0;
virtual void lowerConstants() = 0;
virtual void lowerJumpTables() = 0;
virtual void emitTargetRODataSections() {}
protected:
void emitGlobal(const VariableDeclaration &Var,
const std::string &SectionSuffix);
/// For now, we assume .long is the right directive for emitting 4 byte emit
/// global relocations. However, LLVM MIPS usually uses .4byte instead.
/// Perhaps there is some difference when the location is unaligned.
static const char *getEmit32Directive() { return ".long"; }
explicit TargetDataLowering(GlobalContext *Ctx) : Ctx(Ctx) {}
GlobalContext *Ctx;
};
/// TargetHeaderLowering is used to "lower" the header of an output file. It
/// writes out the target-specific header attributes. E.g., for ARM this writes
/// out the build attributes (float ABI, etc.).
class TargetHeaderLowering {
TargetHeaderLowering() = delete;
TargetHeaderLowering(const TargetHeaderLowering &) = delete;
TargetHeaderLowering &operator=(const TargetHeaderLowering &) = delete;
public:
static std::unique_ptr<TargetHeaderLowering>
createLowering(GlobalContext *Ctx);
virtual ~TargetHeaderLowering();
virtual void lower() {}
protected:
explicit TargetHeaderLowering(GlobalContext *Ctx) : Ctx(Ctx) {}
GlobalContext *Ctx;
};
} // end of namespace Ice
#endif // SUBZERO_SRC_ICETARGETLOWERING_H